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History And Development
Earlier there were web pages which were simple and straight forward. These pages needed only a way for the potential visitors to find them. And then came search engines and they started maintaining a huge data base of the pages or URLs that were submitted to them. When a search was made, search engine would send spider to crawl various pages and extract various information that they found relevant to the searched item. Website owners understood the importance of their website ranked higher in the search engine results, resulting in the development of SEO.
In the beginning search engines relied completely on the information provided by the webmasters in the form of keywords, metatags, index files etc and this led the webmasters to make choice of the keywords and metatags which were irrelevant to the website's content but could rank them higher in the search engine results.This led to the development of unethical SEO known as Black Hat SEO. Search engines soon realized that relying too much on the webmaster's information had led to abuse and ranking manipulation. To overcome this problem and provide relevance results search engines developed more complex ranking algorithms and also incorporated those factors that were beyond the control of webmaster. By the year 2004 search engines introduced a wide range of undisclosed ranking algorithms to prevent the webmasters from manipulation. According to GOOGLE its algorithm uses more than 200 different factors to rank various websites.